-- dump date 20140619_001054 -- class Genbank::CDS -- table cds_note -- id note YP_031733.1 AroE; catalyzes the conversion of shikimate to 3-dehydroshikimate YP_031734.1 catalyzes the phosphorylation of the 3'-hydroxyl group of dephosphocoenzyme A to form coenzyme A; involved in coenzyme A biosynthesis YP_031736.1 has 3'-5' exonuclease, 5'-3' exonuclease and 5'-3'polymerase activities, primarily functions to fill gaps during DNA replication and repair YP_031739.1 lipoprotein signal peptidase; integral membrane protein that removes signal peptides from prolipoproteins during lipoprotein biosynthesis YP_031742.1 This protein is one of the two subunits of integration host factor, a specific DNA-binding protein that functions in genetic recombination as well as in transcriptional and translational control YP_031749.1 class I; LysRS1; catalyzes a two-step reaction, first charging a lysine molecule by linking its carboxyl group to the alpha-phosphate of ATP, followed by transfer of the aminoacyl-adenylate to its tRNA; in Methanosarcina barkeri this enzyme charges both tRNA molecules for lysine that exist in this organism (but the tRNALysUUU very poorly) and in the presence of LysRS2 can charge tRNAPyl with lysine YP_031756.1 catalyzes the formation of L-homocysteine from S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine YP_031759.1 catalyzes the carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA; forms a tetramer of AccA2D2 subunits YP_031760.1 catalyzes the conjugation of cysteine to 4'-phosphopantothenate to form 4-phosphopantothenoylcysteine, which is then decarboxylated to form 4'-phosphopantotheine; in the alphaproteobacteria, this protein contains an N-terminal SbtC-like domain YP_031762.1 Catalyzes the carbon methylation reaction in the biosynthesis of ubiquinone YP_031763.1 negatively supercoils closed circular double-stranded DNA YP_031769.1 IF-3 has several functions that are required and promote translation initiation including; preventing association of 70S by binding to 30S; monitoring codon-anticodon interactions by promoting disassociation of fMet-tRNA(fMet) from initiation complexes formed on leaderless mRNAs or incorrectly bound noninitiatior tRNAs and complexes with noncanonical start sites; stimulates codon-anticodon interactions at P-site; involved in moving mRNA to the P-site; and in recycling subunits YP_031772.1 dapE-encoded N-succinyl-L,L-diaminopimelic acid desuccinylase (DapE), catalyzes the hydrolysis of N-succinyl-L,Ldiaminopimelate L,L-SDAP to L,L-diaminopimelate and succinate. It is a metalloprotease containing dinuclear active sites. Its structure is similar to the carboxypeptidase G2 from Pseudomonas sp. strain RS-16 and the aminopeptidase from Aeromonas proteolytica. YP_031773.1 catalyzes the oxygen-independent formation of protoporphyrinogen-IX from coproporphyrinogen-III YP_031774.1 HAM1-like protein; Rec-dependent growth; RgdB; yggV; it is suspected that this protein functions to remove misincorporated bases such as xanthine or hypoxanthine YP_031775.1 Negative regulator of class I heat shock genes (grpE-dnaK-dnaJ and groELS operons). Prevents heat-shock induction of these operons YP_031776.1 with DnaK and DnaJ acts in response to hyperosmotic and heat shock by preventing the aggregation of stress-denatured proteins; may act as a thermosensor YP_031785.1 heat shock protein 70; assists in folding of nascent polypeptide chains; refolding of misfolded proteins; utilizes ATPase activity to help fold; co-chaperones are DnaJ and GrpE; multiple copies in some bacteria YP_031786.1 chaperone Hsp40; co-chaperone with DnaK; Participates actively in the response to hyperosmotic and heat shock by preventing the aggregation of stress-denatured proteins and by disaggregating proteins, also in an autonomous, dnaK-independent fashion YP_031787.1 catalyzes the phosphorylation of N-acetyl-L-glutamate to form N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-phosphate YP_031789.1 binds to the ribosome on the universally-conserved alpha-sarcin loop YP_031790.1 catalyzes the formation of N-succinyl-2-amino-6-ketopimelate from succinyl-CoA and tetrahydrodipicolinate in the lysine biosynthetic pathway YP_031792.1 mediates pseudouridylation (positions 38, 39, 40) at the tRNA anticodon region which contributes to the structural stability YP_031794.1 cleaves off formyl group from N-terminal methionine residues of newly synthesized proteins; binds iron(2+) YP_031801.1 binds directly to 23S ribosomal RNA prior to in vitro assembly of the 50S ribosomal subunit YP_031802.1 catalyzes a two-step reaction, first charging a phenylalanine molecule by linking its carboxyl group to the alpha-phosphate of ATP, followed by transfer of the aminoacyl-adenylate to its tRNA; forms a heterotetramer of alpha(2)beta(2); binds two magnesium ions per tetramer; type 1 subfamily YP_031803.1 catalyzes a two-step reaction, first charging a phenylalanine molecule by linking its carboxyl group to the alpha-phosphate of ATP, followed by transfer of the aminoacyl-adenylate to its tRNA; forms a tetramer of alpha(2)beta(2); binds two magnesium ions per tetramer; type 2 subfamily YP_031809.1 catalyzes the formation of nictonate and 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate from nicotinate D-ribonucleotide and diphosphate YP_031811.1 in Escherichia coli this protein is involved in binding to the leader sequence of mRNAs and is itself bound to the 30S subunit; autoregulates expression via a C-terminal domain; in most gram negative organisms this protein is composed of 6 repeats of the S1 domain while in gram positive there are 4 repeats; the S1 nucleic acid-binding domain is found associated with other proteins YP_031812.1 Catalyzes the formation of (d)CDP from ATP and (d)CMP YP_031813.1 catalyzes the formation of 5-O-(1-carboxyvinyl)-3-phosphoshikimate from phosphoenolpyruvate and 3-phosphoshikimate in tryptophan biosynthesis YP_031815.1 This protein performs the mismatch recognition step during the DNA repair process YP_031816.1 NADP-dependent; catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of malate to form pyruvate; decarboxylates oxaloacetate YP_031817.1 molecular chaperone that is required for the normal export of envelope proteins out of the cell cytoplasm; in Escherichia coli this proteins forms a homotetramer in the cytoplasm and delivers proteins to be exported to SecA YP_031820.1 becomes active under oxidative stress; four conserved cysteines bind a zinc atom when they are in the reduced state and the enzyme is inactive; oxidative stress results in oxidized cysteines, release of zinc, and binding of Hsp33 to aggregation-prone proteins; forms dimers and higher order oligomers YP_031821.1 DapATase; functions in arginine biosynthetic pathway; catalyzes the formation of N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde from 2-oxoglutarate and N(2)-acetyl-L-ornithine YP_031827.1 ATP-binding protein; required for proper cytochrome c maturation YP_031828.1 Catalyzes the conversion of citrate to isocitrate YP_031829.1 binds directly to the 16S rRNA and is involved in post-translational inhibition of arginine and ornithine decarboxylase YP_031830.1 binds to the dnaA-box as an ATP-bound complex at the origin of replication during the initiation of chromosomal replication; can also affect transcription of multiple genes including itself. YP_031831.1 binds the polymerase to DNA and acts as a sliding clamp YP_031832.1 Required for DNA replication; binds preferentially to single-stranded, linear DNA YP_031833.1 catalyzes the formation of 3-dehydroshikimate from 3-dehydroquinate in chorismate biosynthesis YP_031838.1 catalyzes the NAD(P)H-dependent reduction of glycerol 3-phosphate to glycerone phosphate YP_031839.1 Catalyzes a key regulatory step in fatty acid biosynthesis YP_031840.1 FabB, beta-Ketoacyl-ACP synthase I, KASI; catalyzes a condensation reaction in fatty acid biosynthesis: addition of an acyl acceptor of two carbons from malonyl-ACP; required for the elongation of short-chain unsaturated acyl-ACP YP_031841.1 catalyzes the dehydration of (3R)-3-hydroxydecanoyl-ACP to 2,3-decenoyl-ACP or 3,4-decenoyl-ACP YP_031844.1 a small basic protein that is one of the last in the subunit assembly; omission does not prevent assembly but the subunit is inactive; binds central domain of 16S rRNA YP_031847.1 functions in sugar metabolism in glycolysis and the Embden-Meyerhof pathways (EMP) and in gluconeogenesis; catalyzes reversible isomerization of glucose-6-phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate; member of PGI family YP_031849.1 involved in the peptidyltransferase reaction during translation YP_031858.1 essential GTPase; exhibits high exchange rate for GTP/GDP; associates with 50S ribosomal subunit; involved in regulation of chromosomal replication YP_031859.1 catalyzes the formation of glutamate 5-phosphate from glutamate in proline biosynthesis YP_031860.1 Catalyzes the phosphorylation of L-glutamate during the proline biosynthesis pathway YP_031861.1 transfers an adenyl group from ATP to NaMN to form nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide (NaAD) which is then converted to the ubiquitous compound NAD by NAD synthetase; essential enzyme in bacteria YP_031864.1 hydrolyzes diadenosine polyphosphate YP_031868.1 catalyzes the hydrolysis of pyrophosphate to phosphate YP_031878.1 catalyzes the synthesis of xanthosine monophosphate by the NAD+ dependent oxidation of inosine monophosphate YP_031880.1 contains glutamine-hydrolyzing domain and glutamine amidotransferase; GMP-binding domain; functions to produce GMP from XMP in the IMP pathway YP_031882.1 part of the UgpABCE glycerol-3-phosphate uptake system YP_031890.1 in Salmonella NrdI has a stimulatory effect on the ribonucleotide reductase activity of NrdH with NrdEF YP_031891.1 Catalyzes the rate-limiting step in dNTP synthesis YP_031892.1 B2 or R2 protein; type 1b enzyme; catalyzes the rate-limiting step in dNTP synthesis; converts nucleotides to deoxynucleotides; forms a homodimer and then a multimeric complex with NrdE YP_031894.1 recognizes the termination signals UAG and UAA during protein translation a specificity which is dependent on amino acid residues residing in loops of the L-shaped tRNA-like molecule of RF1; this protein is similar to release factor 2 YP_031896.1 functions in protein export; can interact with acidic membrane phospholipids and the SecYEG protein complex; binds to preproteins; binds to ATP and undergoes a conformational change to promote membrane insertion of SecA/bound preprotein; ATP hydrolysis appears to drive release of the preprotein from SecA and deinsertion of SecA from the membrane; additional proteins SecD/F/YajC aid SecA recycling; exists in an equilibrium between monomers and dimers; may possibly form higher order oligomers; proteins in this cluster correspond SecA1; SecA2 is not essential and seems to play a role in secretion of a subset of proteins YP_031898.1 bifunctional arginine biosynthesis protein ArgJ; functions at the 1st and 5th steps in arginine biosynthesis; involved in synthesis of acetylglutamate from glutamate and acetyl-CoA and ornithine by transacetylation between acetylornithine and glutmate YP_031902.1 catalyzes the formation of (R)-4'-phosphopantothenate in coenzyme A biosynthesis YP_031904.1 heat shock protein involved in degradation of misfolded proteins YP_031905.1 heat shock protein involved in degradation of misfolded proteins YP_031908.1 primary rRNA binding protein; helps nucleate assembly of 30S; binds directly to the 16S rRNA and an intersubunit bridge to the 23S rRNA; autoregulates translation through interactions with the mRNA leader sequence YP_031910.1 catalyzes isomerization of specific uridines in RNA to pseudouridine; responsible for residues in T loops of many tRNAs YP_031911.1 associates with free 30S ribosomal subunits; essential for efficient processing of 16S rRNA; in Escherichia coli rbfA is induced by cold shock YP_031912.1 Protects formylmethionyl-tRNA from spontaneous hydrolysis and promotes its binding to the 30S ribosomal subunits during initiation of protein synthesis. Also involved in the hydrolysis of GTP during the formation of the 70S ribosomal complex YP_031914.1 modifies transcription through interactions with RNA polymerase affecting elongation, readthrough, termination, and antitermination YP_031915.1 in Streptococcus pneumoniae this gene was found to be essential; structure determination of the Streptococcus protein shows that it is similar to a number of other proteins YP_031916.1 tRNA (guanine-N(7)-)-methyltransferase; catalyzes the formation of N(7)-methylguanine at position 46 (m7G46) in tRNA by transferring the methyl residue from S-adenosyl-L-methionine YP_031917.1 methionine adenosyltransferase; catalyzes the formation of S-adenosylmethionine from methionine and ATP; methionine adenosyltransferase YP_031919.1 Transfers the fatty acyl group on membrane lipoproteins YP_031923.1 catalyzes the formation of 2-methylthio-N6-(dimethylallyl)adenosine (ms(2)i(6)A) at position 37 in tRNAs that read codons beginning with uridine from N6-(dimethylallyl)adenosine (i(6)A) YP_031926.1 involved in a recombinational process of DNA repair, independent of the recBC complex YP_031928.1 catalyzes the DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of a DNA strand; the tau chain serves as a scaffold to help in the dimerizaton of the alpha,epsilon and theta core complex; the gamma chain seems to interact with the delta and delta' subunits to transfer the beta subunit on the DNA YP_031930.1 CMP-2-keto-3-deoxyoctulosonic acid synthetase; catalyzes the formation of CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate from CTP and 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate which is incorporated into LPS YP_031932.1 ATP-dependent adenylate transferase, transfers adenyl moiety to the MoeD subunit of molybdopterin synthase YP_031933.1 catalyzes the second step in the glutathione biosynthesis pathway, where it synthesizes ATP + gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine = ADP + phosphate + glutathione YP_031937.1 ATP-binding protein; PstABCS is an ATP dependent phosphate uptake system which is responsible for inorganic phosphate uptake during phosphate starvation YP_031941.1 Involved in base excision repair of DNA damaged by oxidation or by mutagenic agents. Acts as DNA glycosylase that recognizes and removes damaged bases YP_031948.1 IleRS; catalyzes the formation of isoleucyl-tRNA(Ile) from isoleucine and tRNA(Ile); since isoleucine and other amino acids such as valine are similar, there are additional editing function in this enzyme; one is involved in hydrolysis of activated valine-AMP and the other is involved in deacylation of mischarged Val-tRNA(Ile); there are two active sites, one for aminoacylation and one for editing; class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family; some organisms carry two different copies of this enzyme YP_031957.1 catalyzes the transfer of 2-keto-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid to lipid A YP_031958.1 transfers the gamma-phosphate of ATP to the 4' position of a tetraacyldisaccharide 1-phosphate intermediate to form tetraacyldisaccharide 1,4'-bis-phosphate YP_031960.1 This protein is involved in the repair of mismatches in DNA. It is required for dam-dependent methyl-directed DNA mismatch repair. Promotes the formation of a stable complex between two or more DNA-binding proteins in an ATP-dependent manner without itself being part of a final effector complex YP_031961.1 Catalyzes the deamination of dCTP to form dUTP YP_031962.1 flavin mononucleotide-dependent dehydrogenase; functions in aerobic respiration and also has a role in anaerobic nitrate respiration YP_031970.1 catalyzes the formation of 3-phosphonooxypyruvate and glutamate from O-phospho-L-serine and 2-oxoglutarate YP_031971.1 catalyzes the formation of N6-(1,2,-dicarboxyethyl)-AMP from L-aspartate, inosine monophosphate and GTP in AMP biosynthesis YP_031973.1 binds with the catalytic core of RNA polymerase to produce the holoenzyme; this sigma factor is responsible for the expression of heat shock promoters YP_031979.1 homopentamer; channel that opens in response to pressure or hypoosmotic shock YP_031980.1 catalyzes the conversion of dihydroorotate to orotate in the pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway; uses a flavin nucleotide as an essential cofactor; class 2 enzymes are monomeric and compared to the class 1 class 2 possess an extended N terminus, which plays a role in the membrane association of the enzyme and provides the binding site for the respiratory quinones that serve as physiological electron acceptors YP_031983.1 catalyzes the formation of D-glucono-1,5-lactone 6-phosphate from D-glucose 6-phosphate YP_031984.1 catalyzes the formation of 6-phospho-D-gluconate from 6-phospho-D-glucono-1,5-lactone YP_031985.1 catalyzes the formation of 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate from 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate and subsequent formation of 10-formyltetrahydrofolate from 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate YP_031987.1 in Escherichia coli RsmE methylates the N3 position of the U1498 base in 16S rRNA; cells lacking this function can grow, but are outcompeted by wild-type; SAM-dependent m(3)U1498 methyltransferase YP_031993.1 Involved in ubiquinone biosynthesis YP_031994.1 catalyzes the formation of 4-phospho-L-aspartate from L-aspartate and ATP, in Bacillus, lysine sensitive; regulated by response to starvation. YP_031999.1 EngA; essential Neisserial GTPase; synchronizes cellular events by interacting with multiple targets with tandem G-domains; overexpression in Escherichia coli suppresses rrmJ mutation; structural analysis of the Thermotoga maritima ortholog shows different nucleotide binding affinities in the two binding domains YP_032001.1 Produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane. Subunit A is part of the membrane proton channel F0 YP_032002.1 Produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane. Subunit C is part of the membrane proton channel F0 YP_032003.1 Produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane. Subunit B' is part of the membrane proton channel. YP_032004.1 Produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane. Subunit B is part of the membrane proton channel. YP_032005.1 glycine--tRNA ligase beta chain; glyS; class II aminoacyl tRNA synthetase; tetramer of alpha(2)beta(2); catalyzes a two-step reaction; first charging a glycine molecule by linking the carboxyl group to the alpha-phosphate of ATP; second by transfer of the aminoacyl-adenylate to its tRNA YP_032006.1 glycine--tRNA ligase alpha chain; GlyRS; class II aminoacyl tRNA synthetase; tetramer of alpha(2)beta(2); catalyzes a two-step reaction; first charging a glycine molecule by linking its carboxyl group to the alpha-phosphate of ATP; second by transfer of the aminoacyl-adenylate to its tRNA YP_032011.1 An essential enzyme in the nonmevalonate pathway of isopentenyl diphosphate and dimethylallyl diphosphate biosynthesis YP_032013.1 translation-associated GTPase; the crystal structure of the Haemophilus influenzae YchF protein showed similarity to the yeast structure (PDB: 1NI3); fluorescence spectroscopy revealed nucleic acid binding; the yeast protein YBR025c interacts with the translation elongation factor eEF1 YP_032015.1 Enables the recycling of peptidyl-tRNAs produced at termination of translation YP_032016.1 the Ctc family of proteins consists of two types, one that contains the N-terminal ribosomal protein L25 domain only which in Escherichia coli binds the 5S rRNA while a subset of proteins contain a C-terminal extension that is involved in the stress response YP_032017.1 catalyzes the formation of 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate from D-ribose 5-phosphate and ATP YP_032020.1 transfers the N-acyl diglyceride moiety to the prospective N-terminal cysteine in prolipoprotein YP_032028.1 RNH2; RNase HII; binds manganese; endonuclease which specifically degrades the RNA of RNA-DNA hybrids YP_032032.1 catalyzes the formation of N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide from 5-phospho-D-ribosylamine and glycine in purine biosynthesis YP_032033.1 UbiA prenyltransferase family catalyzes the transfer of a prenyl group to various acceptors with hydrophobic ring structures in the biosynthesis of respiratory quinones, hemes, chlorophylls, vitamin E, and shikonin YP_032034.1 catalyzes the formation of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate from pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate YP_032036.1 Catalyzes a key regulatory step in fatty acid biosynthesis YP_032037.1 catalyzes the formation of chorismate from 5-O-(1-carboxyvinyl)-3-phosphoshikimate in aromatic amino acid biosynthesis YP_032039.1 catalyzes the bidirectional exonucleolytic cleavage of DNA YP_032040.1 catalyzes the formation of 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate from pyruvate and D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate YP_032044.1 converts protoheme IX and farnesyl diphosphate to heme O YP_032045.1 catalyzes the conversion of 1-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-(E)-butenyl 4-diphosphate into isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP); functions in the nonmevalonate isoprenoid biosynthesis pathway YP_032046.1 An endonuclease that specifically degrades the RNA strand of RNA-DNA hybrids YP_032058.1 catalyzes the formation of phosphoenolpyruvate from pyruvate YP_032074.1 CycJ; periplasmic heme chaperone that binds heme transiently via a histidine residue and delivers it to newly synthesized and exported c-type cytochromes; requires the ATP hydrolysis activity of the CcmA protein in order to transfer the heme to the apocytochrome; part of the cytochrome c maturation system; periplasmic protein anchored to the inner membrane YP_032080.1 catalyzes the ATP-dependent addition of AMP to a subunit of glutamine synthetase; also catalyzes the reverse reaction - deadenylation; adenylation/deadenylation of glutamine synthetase subunits is important for the regulation of this enzyme YP_032087.1 Condenses 4-methyl-5-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-thiazole monophosphate and 4-amino-5-hydroxymethyl pyrimidine pyrophosphate to form thiamine monophosphate YP_032088.1 functions in thiamine (vitamin B1) biosynthesis; in Bacillus subtilis this enzyme catalyzes the formation of thiazole from dehydroxyglycine and 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate and ThiS-thiocarboxylate YP_032089.1 with ThiF, ThiG, and ThiO catalyzes the formation of the thiazole moiety of thiamine pyrophosphate YP_032091.1 required for the synthesis of the hydromethylpyrimidine moiety of thiamine YP_032092.1 with HmuTU is involved in the transport of hemin YP_032099.1 catalyzes the formation of dihydrodipicolinate from L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde and pyruvate in lysine and diaminopimelate biosynthesis YP_032100.1 binds to ssrA RNA (tmRNA) and is required for its successful binding to ribosomes; also appears to function in the trans-translation step by promoting accommodation of tmRNA into the ribosomal A site; SmpB protects the tmRNA from RNase R degradation in Caulobacter crescentus; both the tmRNA and SmpB are regulated in cell cycle-dependent manner; functions in release of stalled ribosomes from damaged mRNAs and targeting proteins for degradation YP_032102.1 Promotes RNA polymerase assembly. Latches the N- and C-terminal regions of the beta' subunit thereby facilitating its interaction with the beta and alpha subunits YP_032104.1 involved in fifth step of pyrimidine biosynthesis; converts orotidine 5'-phosphate and diphosphate to orotate and 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate YP_032106.1 Catalyzes the formation of holo-ACP, which mediates the essential transfer of acyl fatty acid intermediates during the biosynthesis of fatty acids and lipids YP_032108.2 cytoplasmic enzyme involved in processing rRNA and some mRNAs; substrates typically have dsRNA regions; forms a homodimer; have N-terminal nuclease and C-terminal RNA-binding domains; requires magnesium as preferred ion for activity YP_032109.1 Era; Escherichia coli Ras-like protein; Bex; Bacillus Era-complementing segment; essential protein in Escherichia coli that is involved in many cellular processes; GTPase; binds the cell membrane through apparent C-terminal domain; mutants are arrested during the cell cycle; Streptococcus pneumoniae Era binds to RNA and Escherichia coli Era binds 16S rRNA and 30S ribosome YP_032110.1 involved in DNA repair and RecFOR pathway recombination; RecFOR proteins displace ssDNA-binding protein and facilitate the production of RecA-coated ssDNA YP_032111.1 catalyzes the formation of (R)-pantothenate from pantoate and beta-alanine YP_032112.1 catalyzes the formation of tetrahydrofolate and 2-dehydropantoate from 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate and 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate YP_032115.1 Catalyzes the reversible hydrolysis of the amide bond within dihydroorotate. This metabolic intermediate is required for the biosynthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides YP_032117.1 catalyzes a two-step reaction; charges a cysteine by linking its carboxyl group to the alpha-phosphate of ATP then transfers the aminoacyl-adenylate to its tRNA YP_032120.1 catalyzes the decarboxylaton of phospatidyl-L-sering to phosphatidylethanolamine YP_032123.1 Catalyzes first step of the de novo purine nucleotide biosynthetic pathway YP_032125.1 Sms; stabilizes the strand-invasion intermediate during the DNA repair; involved in recombination of donor DNA and plays an important role in DNA damage repair after exposure to mutagenic agents YP_032126.1 unwinds double stranded DNA YP_032127.1 in Escherichia coli this protein is wrapped around the base of the L1 stalk YP_032129.1 binds as a heterodimer with protein S6 to the central domain of the 16S rRNA; helps stabilize the platform of the 30S subunit YP_032130.1 binds cooperatively with S18 to the S15-16S complex, allowing platform assembly to continue with S11 and S21 YP_032133.1 catalyzes the first of the two reduction steps in the elongation cycle of fatty acid synthesis YP_032134.1 carries the fatty acid chain in fatty acid biosynthesis YP_032135.1 FabF; beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthase II, KASII; catalyzes a condensation reaction in fatty acid biosynthesis: addition of an acyl acceptor of two carbons from malonyl-ACP; required for the elongation of short-chain unsaturated acyl-ACP YP_032137.1 Essential for recycling GMP and indirectly, cGMP YP_032138.1 catalyzes the transfer of a total of four methyl groups from S-adenosyl-l-methionine (S-AdoMet) to two adjacent adenosine bases A1518 and A1519 in 16S rRNA; mutations in ksgA causes resistance to the translation initiation inhibitor kasugamycin YP_032139.1 catalyzes oxidation of 4-(phosphohydroxy)-L-threonine into 2-amino-3-oxo-4-(phosphohydroxy)butyric acid which decarboxylates to form 1-amino-3-(phosphohydroxy)propan-2-one (3-amino-2-oxopropyl phosphate) YP_032144.1 binds to single-strand binding (SSB) protein and acts as a bridge between the DnaX clamp loader complex and the SSB YP_032148.1 catalyzes the formation of nucleoside triphosphate from ATP and nucleoside diphosphate YP_032150.1 The UvrABC repair system catalyzes the recognition and processing of DNA lesions. UvrC both incises the 5' and 3' sides of the lesion. The N-terminal half is responsible for the 3' incision and the C-terminal half is responsible for the 5' incision YP_032155.1 catalyzes a two-step reaction, first charging a serine molecule by linking its carboxyl group to the alpha-phosphate of ATP, followed by transfer of the aminoacyl-adenylate to its tRNA YP_032156.1 catalyzes the methyl esterification of L-isoaspartyl residues that are formed in damaged proteins YP_032162.1 Reversibly isomerizes the ketone sugar dihydroxyacetone phosphate to the aldehyde sugar glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate YP_032164.1 CTP synthase; CTP synthase; cytidine triphosphate synthetase; catalyzes the ATP-dependent amination of UTP to CTP with either L-glutamine or ammonia as the source of nitrogen; in Escherichia coli this enzyme forms a homotetramer YP_032165.1 catalyzes the formation of 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-octonate 8-phosphate from phosphoenolpyruvate and D-arabinose 5-phosphate in LPS biosynthesis YP_032166.1 enolase; catalyzes the formation of phosphoenolpyruvate from 2-phospho-D-glycerate in glycolysis YP_032170.1 catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate with concomitant acetylation of a lipoic acid-containing dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase within the complex. The E1 component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and CO(2). It contains multiple copies of three enzymatic components: pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1), dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase(E2) and lipoamide dehydrogenase YP_032172.1 E3 component of pyruvate complex; catalyzes the oxidation of dihydrolipoamide to lipoamide YP_032173.1 catalyzes the radical-mediated insertion of two sulfur atoms into an acyl carrier protein (ACP) bound to an octanoyl group to produce a lipoyl group YP_032177.1 rhizobial iron regulator; in Sinorhizobium meliloti mutations in this gene affect the expression of a number of iron-responsive operons YP_032180.1 involved in potassium uptake; found to be peripherally associated with the inner membrane in Escherichia coli; contains an NAD-binding domain YP_032181.1 hydrolyzes proteins to small peptides; with the ATPase subunits ClpA or ClpX, ClpP degrades specific substrates YP_032182.1 binds and unfolds substrates as part of the ClpXP protease YP_032189.1 Acylates the intermediate (KDO)2-lipid IVA to form (KDO)2-(lauroyl)-lipid IVA YP_032191.1 FabF, beta-Ketoacyl-ACP synthase II, KASII; catalyzes a condensation reaction in fatty acid biosynthesis: addition of an acyl acceptor of two carbons from malonyl-ACP; required for the elongation of short-chain unsaturated acyl-ACP. YP_032192.1 FabF; beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthase II, KASII; catalyzes a condensation reaction in fatty acid biosynthesis: addition of an acyl acceptor of two carbons from malonyl-ACP; required for the elongation of short-chain unsaturated acyl-ACP YP_032193.1 Involved in the biosynthetic pathways of fatty acids, phospholipids, lipopolysaccharides, and oligosaccharides YP_032194.1 NAD-dependent; catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of malate to form pyruvate; does not decarboxylate oxaloacetate YP_032196.1 Stimulates the elongation of poly(A) tails YP_032200.1 catalyzes the reduction of N-acetyl-5-glutamyl phosphate to N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde in arginine biosynthesis YP_032201.1 catalyzes the reaction of glycine with 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate to form L-serine and tetrahydrofolate YP_032204.1 catalyzes the formation of riboflavin from 6,7-dimethyl-8-(1-D-ribityl)lumazine YP_032205.1 RibE; 6,7-diimethyl-8-ribityllumazine synthase; DMRL synthase; lumazine synthase; beta subunit of riboflavin synthase; condenses 5-amino-6-(1'-D)-ribityl-amino-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione with L-3,4-dihydrohy-2-butanone-4-phosphate to generate 6,6-dimethyl-8-lumazine (DMRL); riboflavin synthase then uses 2 molecules of DMRL to produce riboflavin (vitamin B12); involved in the last steps of riboflavin biosynthesis; forms a 60mer (icosahedral shell) in both Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli; in Bacillus subtilis this 60mer is associated with the riboflavin synthase subunit (alpha) while in Escherichia coli it is not YP_032206.1 Regulates rRNA biosynthesis by transcriptional antitermination YP_032209.1 involved in acylation of glycerol-3-phosphate to form 1-acyl-glycerol-3 phosphate for use in phospholipid biosynthesis; functions with PlsY YP_032210.1 FabH; beta-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthase III; catalyzes the condensation of acetyl-CoA with malonyl-ACP to initiate cycles of fatty acid elongation; differs from 3-oxoacyl-(acyl carrier protein) synthase I and II in that it utilizes CoA thioesters as primers rather than acyl-ACPs YP_032211.1 This protein is one of the two subunits of integration host factor, a specific DNA-binding protein that functions in genetic recombination as well as in transcriptional and translational control YP_032213.1 catalyzes a two-step reaction, first charging a threonine molecule by linking its carboxyl group to the alpha-phosphate of ATP, followed by transfer of the aminoacyl-adenylate to its tRNA; catalyzes the formation of threonyl-tRNA(Thr) from threonine and tRNA(Thr) YP_032216.1 involved in the first step of tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis; catalyzes the formation of formate and 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-(erythro-1,2, 3-trihydroxypropyl)dihydropteridine triphosphate from GTP and water; forms a homopolymer YP_032219.1 Catalyzes the transfer of electrons from NADH to quinone YP_032220.1 The point of entry for the majority of electrons that traverse the respiratory chain eventually resulting in the reduction of oxygen YP_032221.1 Catalyzes the transfer of electrons from NADH to quinone YP_032222.1 Catalyzes the transfer of electrons from NADH to quinone YP_032223.1 Catalyzes the transfer of electrons from NADH to quinone YP_032224.1 part of NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase complex I; shuttles electrons from NADH, via FMN and iron-sulfur (Fe-S) centers, to quinones in the respiratory chain; NuoF is part of the soluble NADH dehydrogenase fragment, which represents the electron input part of NADH dehydrogenase YP_032225.1 Catalyzes the transfer of electrons from NADH to quinone YP_032226.1 Catalyzes the transfer of electrons from NADH to quinone YP_032227.1 Catalyzes the transfer of electrons from NADH to quinone YP_032228.1 Catalyzes the transfer of electrons from NADH to quinone YP_032229.1 Catalyzes the transfer of electrons from NADH to quinone YP_032230.1 Catalyzes the transfer of electrons from NADH to ubiquinone YP_032231.1 Catalyzes the transfer of electrons from NADH to quinone YP_032232.1 Catalyzes the transfer of electrons from NADH to quinone YP_032235.1 catalyzes the formation of prolyl-tRNA(Pro) from proline and tRNA(Pro) YP_032244.1 catalyzes the release of newly synthesized polypeptide chains at the stop codons UAA and UGA YP_032246.1 catalyzes the formation of tyrosyl-tRNA(Tyr) from tyrosine and tRNA(Tyr) YP_032249.1 with SufCD activates cysteine desulfurase SufS YP_032260.1 methionine--tRNA ligase; MetRS; adds methionine to tRNA(Met) with cleavage of ATP to AMP and diphosphate; some MetRS enzymes form dimers depending on a C-terminal domain that is also found in other proteins such as Trbp111 in Aquifex aeolicus and the cold-shock protein CsaA from Bacillus subtilis while others do not; four subfamilies exist based on sequence motifs and zinc content YP_032261.1 catalyzes the DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of a DNA strand; the delta' subunit seems to interact with the gamma subunit to transfer the beta subunit on the DNA YP_032262.1 catalyzes the reversible phosphoryl transfer from adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to thymidine monophosphate (dTMP) to form thymidine diphosphate (dTDP) YP_032265.1 Represses a number of genes involved in the response to DNA damage YP_032266.1 primary rRNA binding protein; nucleates 30S assembly; involved in translational accuracy with proteins S5 and S12; interacts with protein S5; involved in autogeneously regulating ribosomal proteins by binding to pseudoknot structures in the polycistronic mRNA; interacts with transcription complex and functions similar to protein NusA in antitermination YP_032267.1 converts L-glutamate to D-glutamate, a component of peptidoglycan YP_032269.1 Regulatory factor involved in maltose metabolism YP_032270.1 catalyzes the removal of N-terminal amino acids from peptides and arylamides; generally Co(II) however activity has been shown for some methionine aminopeptidases with Zn, Fe, or Mn YP_032281.1 allows the formation of correctly charged Asn-tRNA(Asn) or Gln-tRNA(Gln) through the transamidation of misacylated Asp-tRNA(Asn) or Glu-tRNA(Gln) in organisms which lack either or both of asparaginyl-tRNA or glutaminyl-tRNA synthetases; reaction takes place in the presence of glutamine and ATP through an activated phospho-Asp-tRNA(Asn) or phospho-Glu-tRNA YP_032282.1 allows the formation of correctly charged Asn-tRNA(Asn) or Gln-tRNA(Gln) through the transamidation of misacylated Asp-tRNA(Asn) or Glu-tRNA(Gln) in organisms which lack either or both of asparaginyl-tRNA or glutaminyl-tRNA synthetases; reaction takes place in the presence of glutamine and ATP through an activated phospho-Asp-tRNA(Asn) or phospho-Glu-tRNA; some Mycoplasma proteins contain an N-terminal fusion to an unknown domain YP_032285.1 catalyzes the transfer of the carbamoyl moiety from carbamoyl phosphate to L- aspartate in pyrimidine biosynthesis YP_032286.1 Catalyzes the reversible hydrolysis of the amide bond within dihydroorotate. This metabolic intermediate is required for the biosynthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides YP_032289.1 catalyzes the ATP-dependent breakage of single-stranded DNA followed by passage and rejoining, maintains net negative superhelicity YP_032291.1 in Escherichia coli BM108, a mutation that results in lack of L33 synthesis had no effect on ribosome synthesis or function; there are paralogous genes in several bacterial genomes, and a CXXC motif for zinc binding and an upstream regulation region of the paralog lacking this motif that are regulated by zinc similar to other ribosomal proteins like L31; the proteins in this group lack the CXXC motif YP_032296.1 composes the biotin carboxyl carrier protein subunit of the acetyl-CoA carboxylase complex, the enzyme that catalyzes the carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA, which in turn controls the rate of fatty acid metabolism YP_032297.1 an AccC homodimer forms the biotin carboxylase subunit of the acetyl CoA carboxylase, an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of malonyl-CoA, which in turn controls the rate of fatty acid metabolism YP_032301.1 lipoyl/octanoyltransferase; catalyzes the transfer of the lipoyl/octanoyl moiety of lipoyl/octanoyl-ACP onto lipoate-dependent enzymes like pyruvate dehydrogenase and the glycine cleavage system H protein YP_032302.1 decatenates newly replicated chromosomal DNA and relaxes positive and negative DNA supercoiling YP_032304.1 in Escherichia coli this protein is one of the earliest assembly proteins in the large subunit YP_032305.1 forms a direct contact with the tRNA during translation YP_032311.1 catalyzes the degradation of histidine to urocanate and ammmonia YP_032312.1 catalyzes the phosphorylation of NAD to NADP YP_032314.1 Charges one glutamine molecule and pairs it to its corresponding RNA trinucleotide during protein translation YP_032315.1 NH(3)-dependent; catalyzes the formation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) from nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide (NAAD) using either ammonia or glutamine as the amide donor and ATP; ammonia-utilizing enzymes include the ones from Bacillus and Escherichia coli while glutamine-utilizing enzymes include the Mycobacterial one; forms homodimers YP_032317.1 catalyzes the reduction of 2 glutathione to glutathione disulfide; maintains high levels of reduced glutathione in the cytosol; involved in redox regulation and oxidative defense YP_032319.1 Catalyzes D-ribose 5-phosphate --> D-ribulose 5-phosphate in the nonoxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathway YP_032321.1 Charges one glutamine molecule and pairs it to its corresponding RNA trinucleotide during protein translation YP_032322.1 type II enzyme; in Escherichia coli this enzyme forms a trimer of dimers which is allosterically inhibited by NADH and competitively inhibited by alpha-ketoglutarate; allosteric inhibition is lost when Cys206 is chemically modified which also affects hexamer formation; forms oxaloacetate and acetyl-CoA and water from citrate and coenzyme A; functions in TCA cycle, glyoxylate cycle and respiration; enzyme from Helicobacter pylori is not inhibited by NADH YP_032327.1 catalyzes the formation of lipid A disaccharide from UDP-2,3-diacylglucosamine and 2,3-diacylglucosamine-1-phosphate, lipid A disaccharide is a precursor of lipid A that anchors LPS to the OM YP_032329.1 catalyzes the addition of (R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl to the glucosamine disaccharide in lipid A biosynthesis YP_032330.1 in Pseudomonas aeruginosa this enzyme is a trimer of dimers; essential for membrane formation; performs third step of type II fatty acid biosynthesis; catalyzes dehydration of (3R)-hydroxyacyl-ACP to trans-2-acyl-ACP YP_032331.1 adds the O-linked and N-linked 3(R)-hydroxy fatty acids to the glucosamine disaccharide during lipid A biosynthesis YP_032335.1 Rrf; Frr; ribosome-recycling factor; release factor 4; RF4; recycles ribosomes upon translation termination along with release factor RF-3 and elongation factor EF-G; A GTPase-dependent process results in release of 50S from 70S; inhibited by release factor RF-1; essential for viability; structurally similar to tRNAs YP_032336.1 Catalyzes the phosphorylation of UMP to UDP YP_032337.1 EF-Ts; functions during elongation stage of protein translation; forms a dimer; associates with EF-Tu-GDP complex and promotes exchange of GDP to GTP resulting in regeneration of the active form of EF-Tu YP_032338.1 one of the last subunits in the assembly of the 30S subunit; absence of S2 does not inhibit assembly but results in an inactive subunit YP_032343.1 involved in the modulation of the specificity of the ClpAP-mediated ATP-dependent protein degradation; binds to the N-terminal domain of the chaperone ClpA YP_032348.1 DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Subunit beta' binds to sigma factor allowing it to bind to the -10 region of the promoter YP_032349.1 DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates; beta subunit is part of the catalytic core which binds with a sigma factor to produce the holoenzyme YP_032350.1 present in two forms; L12 is normal, while L7 is aminoacylated at the N-terminal serine; the only multicopy ribosomal protein; 4:1 ratio of L7/L12 per ribosome; two L12 dimers bind L10; critically important for translation efficiency and fidelity; stimulates GTPase activity of translation factors YP_032351.1 binds the two ribosomal protein L7/L12 dimers and anchors them to the large ribosomal subunit YP_032352.1 in Escherichia coli and Methanococcus, this protein autoregulates expression; the binding site in the mRNA mimics the binding site in the 23S rRNA YP_032353.1 binds directly to 23S ribosomal RNA YP_032354.1 Modulates Rho-dependent transcription termination YP_032355.1 forms a complex with SecY and SecG; SecYEG forms a protein-conducting channel to which secA binds and translocates targeted polypeptides across the cytoplasmic membrane, a process driven by ATP and a proton-motive force YP_032356.1 EF-Tu; promotes GTP-dependent binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to the A-site of ribosomes during protein biosynthesis; when the tRNA anticodon matches the mRNA codon, GTP hydrolysis results; the inactive EF-Tu-GDP leaves the ribosome and release of GDP is promoted by elongation factor Ts; many prokaryotes have two copies of the gene encoding EF-Tu YP_032360.1 Provides the input to the respiratory chain from the NAD-linked dehydrogenases of the citric acid cycle. The complex couples the oxidation of NADH and the reduction of ubiquinone, to the generation of a proton gradient which is then used for ATP synthesis YP_032361.1 allows the formation of correctly charged Asn-tRNA(Asn) or Gln-tRNA(Gln) through the transamidation of misacylated Asp-tRNA(Asn) or Glu-tRNA(Gln) in organisms which lack either or both of asparaginyl-tRNA or glutaminyl-tRNA synthetases; reaction takes place in the presence of glutamine and ATP through an activated phospho-Asp-tRNA(Asn) or phospho-Glu-tRNA YP_032362.1 Tig; RopA; peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase; promotes folding of newly synthesized proteins; binds ribosomal 50S subunit; forms a homodimer YP_032367.1 catalyzes the formation of 1-(5-phosphoribosyl)-5-aminoimidazole from 2-(formamido)-N1-(5-phosphoribosyl)acetamidine and ATP in purine biosynthesis YP_032374.1 Catalyzes two discrete reactions in the de novo synthesis of purines: the cleavage of adenylosuccinate and succinylaminoimidazole carboxamide ribotide YP_032376.1 catalyzes the formation of (S)-2-(5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4- carboxamido)succinate from 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate and L-aspartate in purine biosynthesis; SAICAR synthase YP_032378.1 catalyzes the formation of 2-(formamido)-N1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)acetamidine from N2-formyl-N1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide and L-glutamine in purine biosynthesis YP_032379.1 catalyzes the formation of 2-(formamido)-N1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)acetamidine from N2-formyl-N1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide and L-glutamine in purine biosynthesis YP_032383.1 decatenates newly replicated chromosomal DNA and relaxes positive and negative DNA supercoiling YP_032384.1 catalyzes a two-step reaction, first charging an aspartate molecule by linking its carboxyl group to the alpha-phosphate of ATP, followed by transfer of the aminoacyl-adenylate to its tRNA; contains discriminating and non-discriminating subtypes YP_032387.1 catalyzes the reversible transfer of the terminal phosphate of ATP to form a long chain polyphosphate YP_032389.1 catalyzes the formation of catechol from salicylate YP_032390.1 catalyzes DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'- end of a DNA strand by one nucleotide at a time; main replicative polymerase YP_032391.1 catalyzes branch migration in Holliday junction intermediates YP_032392.1 Catalyzes the first step in hexosamine metabolism, converting fructose-6P into glucosamine-6P using glutamine as a nitrogen source YP_032393.1 forms a homotrimer; catalyzes the acetylation of glucosamine-1-phosphate and uridylation of N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate to produce UDP-GlcNAc; function in cell wall synthesis YP_032397.1 dGTPase family type 2 subfamily; presumably hydrolyzes dGTP to deoxyguanosine and triphosphate YP_032398.1 catalyzes a two-step reaction, first charging an arginine molecule by linking its carboxyl group to the alpha-phosphate of ATP, followed by transfer of the aminoacyl-adenylate to its tRNA; class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase YP_032401.1 catalyzes the transamination of the branched-chain amino acids to their respective alpha-keto acids YP_032402.1 type II fructose 1,6-bisphosphatae; in Escherichia coli this protein forms a dimer and binds manganese YP_032403.1 Converts isocitrate to alpha ketoglutarate YP_032407.1 Catalyzes the conversion of ATP and pantetheine 4'-phosphate to diphosphate and 3'-dephospho-coA YP_032408.1 negatively supercoils closed circular double-stranded DNA YP_032410.1 The UvrABC repair system catalyzes the recognition and processing of DNA lesions. UvrA is an ATPase and a DNA-binding protein. A damage recognition complex composed of 2 uvrA and 2 uvrB subunits scans DNA for abnormalities. When the presence of a lesion has been verified by uvrB, the uvrA molecules dissociate YP_032416.1 responsible for transport of beta-1,2-glucans from the cytoplasm to periplasm; inner membrane ABC transporter permease component; Cgt; ChvA; NdvA YP_032417.1 Catalyzes a two-step reaction, first charging an alanyl molecule by linking its carboxyl group to the alpha-phosphate of ATP, followed by transfer of the aminoacyl-adenylate to its tRNA YP_032418.1 catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP in the presence of single-stranded DNA, the ATP-dependent uptake of single-stranded DNA by duplex DNA, and the ATP-dependent hybridization of homologous single-stranded DNAs YP_032421.1 is a component of the macrolide binding site in the peptidyl transferase center YP_032422.1 catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Dimerization of the alpha subunit is the first step in the sequential assembly of subunits to form the holoenzyme YP_032423.1 located on the platform of the 30S subunit, it bridges several disparate RNA helices of the 16S rRNA; forms part of the Shine-Dalgarno cleft in the 70S ribosome; interacts with S7 and S18 and IF-3 YP_032424.1 located at the top of the head of the 30S subunit, it contacts several helices of the 16S rRNA; makes contact with the large subunit via RNA-protein interactions and via protein-protein interactions with L5; contacts P-site tRNA YP_032425.1 essential enzyme that recycles AMP in active cells; converts ATP and AMP to two molecules of ADP YP_032426.1 forms heterotrimeric complex in the membrane; in bacteria the complex consists of SecY which forms the channel pore and SecE and SecG; the SecG subunit is not essential; in bacteria translocation is driven via the SecA ATPase YP_032427.1 late assembly protein YP_032428.1 L30 binds domain II of the 23S rRNA and the 5S rRNA; similar to eukaryotic protein L7 YP_032429.1 located at the back of the 30S subunit body where it stabilizes the conformation of the head with respect to the body; contacts S4 and S8; with S4 and S12 plays a role in translational accuracy; mutations in this gene result in spectinomycin resistance YP_032430.1 binds 5S rRNA along with protein L5 and L25 YP_032431.1 ribosomal protein L6 appears to have arisen as a result of an ancient gene duplication as based on structural comparison of the Bacillus stearothermophilus protein; RNA-binding appears to be in the C-terminal domain; mutations in the L6 gene confer resistance to aminoglycoside antibiotics such as gentamicin and these occur in truncations of the C-terminal domain; it has been localized to a region between the base of the L7/L12 stalk and the central protuberance YP_032432.1 binds directly to 16S rRNA central domain where it helps coordinate assembly of the platform of the 30S subunit YP_032433.1 located in the peptidyl transferase center and involved in assembly of 30S ribosome subunit; similar to what is observed with proteins L31 and L33, some proteins in this family contain CXXC motifs that are involved in zinc binding; if two copies are present in a genome, then the duplicated copy appears to have lost the zinc-binding motif and is instead regulated by zinc; the proteins in this group do not appear to have the zinc-binding motif YP_032434.1 part of 50S and 5S/L5/L18/L25 subcomplex; contacts 5S rRNA and P site tRNA; forms a bridge to the 30S subunit in the ribosome by binding to S13 YP_032435.1 assembly initiator protein; binds to 5' end of 23S rRNA and nucleates assembly of the 50S; surrounds polypeptide exit tunnel YP_032436.1 binds to the 23S rRNA between the centers for peptidyl transferase and GTPase YP_032437.1 primary binding protein; helps mediate assembly; involved in translation fidelity YP_032438.1 one of the stabilizing components for the large ribosomal subunit YP_032439.1 located in the peptidyl transferase center and may be involved in peptidyl transferase activity; similar to archaeal L10e YP_032440.1 forms a complex with S10 and S14; binds the lower part of the 30S subunit head and the mRNA in the complete ribosome to position it for translation YP_032441.1 binds specifically to 23S rRNA during the early stages of 50S assembly; makes contact with all 6 domains of the 23S rRNA in the assembled 50S subunit and ribosome; mutations in this gene result in erythromycin resistance; located near peptidyl-transferase center YP_032442.1 protein S19 forms a complex with S13 that binds strongly to the 16S ribosomal RNA YP_032443.1 one of the primary rRNA-binding proteins; required for association of the 30S and 50S subunits to form the 70S ribosome, for tRNA binding and peptide bond formation YP_032444.1 binds third domain of 23S rRNA and protein L29; part of exit tunnel YP_032445.1 L4 is important during the early stages of 50S assembly; it initially binds near the 5' end of the 23S rRNA YP_032446.1 binds directly near the 3' end of the 23S rRNA, where it nucleates assembly of the 50S subunit; essential for peptidyltransferase activity; mutations in this gene confer resistance to tiamulin YP_032447.1 NusE; involved in assembly of the 30S subunit; in the ribosome, this protein is involved in the binding of tRNA; in Escherichia coli this protein was also found to be involved in transcription antitermination; NusB/S10 heterodimers bind boxA sequences in the leader RNA of rrn operons which is required for antitermination; binding of NusB/S10 to boxA nucleates assembly of the antitermination complex YP_032448.1 EF-Tu; promotes GTP-dependent binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to the A-site of ribosomes during protein biosynthesis; when the tRNA anticodon matches the mRNA codon, GTP hydrolysis results; the inactive EF-Tu-GDP leaves the ribosome and release of GDP is promoted by elongation factor Ts; many prokaryotes have two copies of the gene encoding EF-Tu YP_032449.1 EF-G; promotes GTP-dependent translocation of the ribosome during translation; many organisms have multiple copies of this gene YP_032450.1 binds directly to 16S rRNA where it nucleates assembly of the head domain of the 30S subunit YP_032451.1 interacts with and stabilizes bases of the 16S rRNA that are involved in tRNA selection in the A site and with the mRNA backbone; located at the interface of the 30S and 50S subunits, it traverses the body of the 30S subunit contacting proteins on the other side; mutations in the S12 gene confer streptomycin resistance YP_032457.1 valine--tRNA ligase; ValRS; converts valine ATP and tRNA(Val) to AMP PPi and valyl-tRNA(Val); class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase type 1 subfamily; has a posttransfer editing process to hydrolyze mischarged Thr-tRNA(Val) which is done by the editing domain YP_032465.1 part of the preprotein secretory system; forms a complex with protein YajC; SecDFyajC stimulates the proton motive force-driven protein translocation, seems to modulate the cycling of SecA by stabilizing its membrane-inserted state and appears to be required for the release of mature proteins from the extracytoplasmic side of the membrane; in some organisms, such as Bacillus subtilis, SecD is fused to SecF YP_032470.1 catalyzes the formation of (R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate from (S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate in valine and isoleucine biosynthesis YP_032471.1 involved in the de novo synthesis of pyridoxine (Vitamin B6) YP_032473.1 IPP transferase; isopentenyltransferase; involved in tRNA modification; in Escherichia coli this enzyme catalyzes the addition of a delta2-isopentenyl group from dimethylallyl diphosphate to the N6-nitrogen of adenosine adjacent to the anticodon of tRNA species that read codons starting with uracil; further tRNA modifications may occur; mutations in miaA result in defects in translation efficiency and fidelity YP_032478.1 ThyA; catalyzes formation of dTMP and 7,8-dihydrofolate from 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate and dUMP; involved in deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis; there are 2 copies in some Bacilli, one of which appears to be phage-derived YP_032486.1 methylates ribosomal protein L11 at multiple amino acid positions; mutations of these genes in Escherichia coli or Thermus thermophilus has no apparent phenotype YP_032488.1 this protein catalyzes the formation of phosphodiester linkages between 5'-phosphoryl and 3'-hydroxyl groups in double-stranded DNA using NAD as a coenzyme and as the energy source for the reaction; essential for DNA replication and repair of damaged DNA; similar to ligase LigB YP_032491.1 zinc-dependent; catalyzes the deacetylation of UDP-(3-O-acyl)-N-acetylglucosamine to UDP-3-O-(3-hydroxytetradecanoyl)-glucosamine in the second step of lipid A biosynthesis YP_032492.1 GTPase; similar structure to tubulin; forms ring-shaped polymers at the site of cell division; other proteins such as FtsA, ZipA, and ZapA, interact with and regulate FtsZ function YP_032495.1 D-alanine--D-alanine ligase; DdlA; DdlB; cytoplasmic; catalyzes the formation of D-alanyl-D-alanine from two D-alanines in peptidoglycan synthesis; there are two forms of this enzyme in Escherichia coli YP_032496.1 catalyzes the reduction of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine enolpyruvate to form UDP-N-acetylmuramate in peptidoglycan biosynthesis YP_032497.1 Catalyzes the formation of UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine from UDP-N-acetylmuramate and L-alanine in peptidoglycan synthesis YP_032498.1 UDP-N-acetylglucosamine--N-acetylmuramyl- (pentapeptide) pyrophosphoryl-undecaprenol N-acetylglucosamine transferase; involved in cell wall formation; inner membrane-associated; last step of peptidoglycan synthesis YP_032500.1 UDP-N-acetylmuramoylalanine--D-glutamate ligase; involved in peptidoglycan biosynthesis; cytoplasmic; catalyzes the addition of glutamate to the nucleotide precursor UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine during cell wall formation YP_032501.1 First step of the lipid cycle reactions in the biosynthesis of the cell wall peptidoglycan YP_032503.1 involved in cell wall formation; peptidoglycan synthesis; cytoplasmic enzyme; catalyzes the addition of meso-diaminopimelic acid to the nucleotide precursor UDP-N-aceylmuramoyl-l-alanyl-d-glutamate YP_032509.1 ChvD; in Agrobacterium tumefaciens, mutations in both Walker boxes were found to affect virulence YP_032518.1 sigma factors are initiation factors that promote the attachment of RNA polymerase to specific initiation sites and are then released; this is the primary sigma factor of bacteria YP_032519.1 synthesizes RNA primers at the replication forks YP_032522.1 catalyzes the formation of 4-hydroxybenzoate from chorismate YP_032523.1 catalyzes production of carbamoyl phosphate from bicarbonate and glutamine in pyrimidine and arginine biosynthesis pathways; forms an octamer composed of four CarAB dimers YP_032525.1 four CarB-CarA dimers form the carbamoyl phosphate synthetase holoenzyme that catalyzes the production of carbamoyl phosphate; CarB is responsible for the amidotransferase activity YP_032527.1 catalyzes the formation of oxalozcetate and L-glutamate from L-aspartate and 2-oxoglutarate YP_032532.1 necessary for efficient RNA polymerase transcription elongation past template-encoded arresting sites; arresting sites in DNA have the property of trapping a certain fraction of elongating RNA polymerases that pass through, resulting in locked ternary complexes. Cleavage of the nascent transcript by cleavage factors such as GreA or GreB allows the resumption of elongation from the new 3'terminus YP_032534.1 The UvrABC repair system catalyzes the recognition and processing of DNA lesions. The beta-hairpin of the Uvr-B subunit is inserted between the strands, where it probes for the presence of a lesion YP_032543.1 catalyzes a sulfuration reaction to synthesize 2-thiouridine at the U34 position of tRNAs YP_032559.1 bidirectionally degrades single-stranded DNA into large acid-insoluble oligonucleotides YP_032566.1 catalyzes the formation of L-proline from pyrroline-5-carboxylate YP_032571.1 in Escherichia coli transcription of this gene is enhanced by polyamines YP_032572.1 protein component of RNaseP which catalyzes the removal of the 5'-leader sequence from pre-tRNA to produce the mature 5'terminus; this enzyme also cleaves other RNA substrates YP_032573.1 functions to insert inner membrane proteins into the IM in Escherichia coli; interacts with transmembrane segments; functions in both Sec-dependent and -independent membrane insertion; similar to Oxa1p in mitochondria YP_032574.1 binds guanine nucleotides; in Escherichia coli depletion results in defective cell division and filamentation; in Bacillus subtilis this gene is essential YP_032576.1 catalyzes the reduction of 2,3-dihydrodipicolinate to 2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate in lysine and diaminopimelate biosynthesis YP_032577.1 catalyzes the interconversion of 2-phosphoglycerate to 3-phosphoglycerate YP_032592.1 acts in conjunction with GvcH to form H-protein-S-aminomethyldihydrolipoyllysine from glycine YP_032593.1 part of multienzyme complex composed of H, L, P, and T proteins which catalyzes oxidation of glycine to yield carbon dioxide, ammonia, 5,10-CH2-H4folate and a reduced pyridine nucleotide; protein H is involved in transfer of methylamine group from the P to T protein; covalently bound to a lipoyl cofactor YP_032594.1 catalyzes the transfer of a methylene carbon from the methylamine-loaded GcvH protein to tetrahydrofolate, causing the release of ammonia and the generation of reduced GcvH protein YP_032597.1 catalyzes the formation of 4-aspartyl phosphate from aspartate 4-semialdehyde YP_032615.1 catalyzes the formation of FMN from riboflavin and the formation of FAD from FMN; in Bacillus the ribC gene has both flavokinase and FAD synthetase activities YP_032630.1 VirD4 family YP_032636.1 catalyzes a two-step reaction, first charging a tryptophan molecule by linking its carboxyl group to the alpha-phosphate of ATP, followed by transfer of the aminoacyl-adenylate to its tRNA YP_032639.1 60 kDa chaperone family; promotes refolding of misfolded polypeptides especially under stressful conditions; forms two stacked rings of heptamers to form a barrel-shaped 14mer; ends can be capped by GroES; misfolded proteins enter the barrel where they are refolded when GroES binds; many bacteria have multiple copies of the groEL gene which are active under different environmental conditions; the B.japonicum protein in this cluster is expressed constitutively; in Rhodobacter, Corynebacterium and Rhizobium this protein is essential for growth YP_032640.1 10 kDa chaperonin; Cpn10; GroES; forms homoheptameric ring; binds to one or both ends of the GroEL double barrel in the presence of adenine nucleotides capping it; folding of unfolded substrates initiates in a GroEL-substrate bound and capped by GroES; release of the folded substrate is dependent on ATP binding and hydrolysis in the trans ring YP_032641.1 class II family (does not require metal); tetrameric enzyme; fumarase C; reversibly converts (S)-malate to fumarate and water; functions in the TCA cycle YP_032642.1 catalyzes the interconversion of alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate to alpha-D-glucose 6-phosphate YP_032644.1 catalyzes a two-step reaction, first charging a histidine molecule by linking its carboxyl group to the alpha-phosphate of ATP, followed by transfer of the aminoacyl-adenylate to its tRNA; class II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase; forms homodimers; some organisms have a paralogous gene, hisZ, that is similar to hisS and produces a protein that performs the first step in histidine biosynthesis along with HisG YP_032645.1 type 2 subfamily; involved in last step of pyrimidine biosynthesis; converts orotidine 5'-phosphate to UMP and carbon dioxide; OMP decarboxylase; OMPDCase; OMPdecase YP_032649.1 Bacteria have multiple sigma factors which are active under specific conditions; the sigma factor binds with the catalytic core of RNA polymerase to produce the holoenzyme and directs bacterial core RNA polymerase to specific promoter elements to initiate transcription YP_032651.1 in Caulobacter crescentus, CC3477 is differentially expressed in minimal salts media with glucose as compared to complex media YP_032672.1 stimulates the activities of the other two initiation factors, IF-2 and IF-3 YP_032676.1 With PurE catalyzes the conversion of aminoimidazole ribonucleotide to carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide in the de novo purine nucleotide biosynthetic pathway YP_032678.1 smallest protein in the large subunit; similar to what is found with protein L31 and L33 several bacterial genomes contain paralogs which may be regulated by zinc; the protein from Thermus thermophilus has a zinc-binding motif and contains a bound zinc ion; the proteins in this group do not have the motif YP_032683.1 adds enolpyruvyl to UDP-N-acetylglucosamine as a component of cell wall formation; gram-positive bacteria have 2 copies of MurA which are active YP_032702.1 catalyzes the formation of dUMP from dUTP YP_032707.1 catalyzes the conversion of glucosamine-6-phosphate to glucosamine-1-phosphate YP_032713.1 forms dimers; may be involved in cell envelope integrity; interacts with outer membrane proteins and with the C-terminal domain of inner membrane protein TolA YP_032718.1 promotes strand exchange during homologous recombination; RuvAB complex promotes branch migration; RuvABC complex scans the DNA during branch migration and resolves Holliday junctions at consensus sequences; forms hexameric rings around opposite DNA arms; requires ATP for branch migration and orientation of RuvAB complex determines direction of migration YP_032719.1 plays an essential role in ATP-dependent branch migration of the Holliday junction YP_032720.1 endonuclease; resolves Holliday structures; forms a complex of RuvABC; the junction binding protein RuvA forms a hexameric ring along with the RuvB helicase and catalyzes branch migration; RuvC then interacts with RuvAB to resolve the Holliday junction by nicking DNA strands of like polarity YP_032723.1 catalyzes the formation of thiamine monophosphate from 2-methyl-4-amino-5-hydroxymethylpyrimidine diphosphate and 4-methyl-5-(2-phosphono-oxyethyl)-thiazole YP_032725.1 Involved in peptide bond synthesis; alters the affinity of the ribosome for aminoacyl-tRNA YP_032728.1 RpmE; there appears to be two types of ribosomal proteins L31 in bacterial genomes; some contain a CxxC motif while others do not; Bacillus subtilis has both types; the proteins in this cluster do not have the CXXC motif; RpmE is found in exponentially growing Bacilli while YtiA was found after exponential growth; expression of ytiA is controlled by a zinc-specific transcriptional repressor; RpmE contains one zinc ion and a CxxC motif is responsible for this binding; forms an RNP particle along with proteins L5, L18, and L25 and 5S rRNA; found crosslinked to L2 and L25 and EF-G; may be near the peptidyltransferase site of the 50S ribosome YP_032730.1 Converts 3-phospho-D-glycerate to 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate during the glycolysis pathway YP_032731.1 catalyzes the formation of 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate from D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate YP_032732.1 catalyzes the formation of ribose 5-phosphate and xylulose 5-phosphate from sedoheptulose 7-phosphate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate; can transfer ketol groups between several groups; in Escherichia coli there are two tkt genes, tktA expressed during exponential growth and the tktB during stationary phase YP_032741.1 binds with the catalytic core of RNA polymerase to produce the holoenzyme; sigma factors are initiation factors that promote the attachment of RNA polymerase to specific initiation sites and are then released; sigma-32 is responsible for the expression of heat shock promoters; there are paralogs in Rhizobium and Sinorhizobium; the proteins in this cluster act as secondary heat shock sigma factors; the Rhizobium sigma-32 factor may also be involved in exopolysaccharide production YP_032745.1 some L32 proteins have zinc finger motifs consisting of CXXC while others do not YP_032747.1 catalyzes the conversion of 2C-methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate into 4-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-en-1-yl diphosphate; involved in isoprenoid synthesis YP_032752.1 Produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane. The beta chain is a regulatory subunit YP_032753.1 Produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane. The gamma chain is a regulatory subunit YP_032754.1 produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane; the alpha chain is a catalytic subunit YP_032756.1 binding of PriA to forked DNA starts the assembly of the primosome, also possesses 3'-5' helicase activity YP_032757.1 similar to novel fructose-6-phosphate aldolase from Escherichia coli; enzyme from Methanocaldococcus janaschii shows transaldolase activity YP_032759.1 leucine--tRNA ligase; LeuRS; class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase; charges leucine by linking carboxyl group to alpha-phosphate of ATP and then transfers aminoacyl-adenylate to its tRNA; due to the large number of codons that tRNA(Leu) recognizes, the leucyl-tRNA synthetase does not recognize the anticodon loop of the tRNA, but instead recognition is dependent on a conserved discriminator base A37 and a long arm; an editing domain hydrolyzes misformed products; in Methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus this enzyme associates with prolyl-tRNA synthetase YP_032761.1 Acs; catalyzes the conversion of acetate and CoA to acetyl-CoA YP_032796.1 part of four member succinate dehydrogenase enzyme complex that forms a trimeric complex (trimer of tetramers); SdhA/B are the catalytic subcomplex and can exhibit succinate dehydrogenase activity in the absence of SdhC/D which are the membrane components and form cytochrome b556; SdhC binds ubiquinone; oxidizes succinate to fumarate while reducing ubiquinone to ubiquinol; the catalytic subunits are similar to fumarate reductase YP_032797.1 part of four member succinate dehydrogenase enzyme complex that forms a trimeric complex (trimer of tetramers); SdhA/B are the catalytic subcomplex and can exhibit succinate dehydrogenase activity in the absence of SdhC/D which are the membrane components and form cytochrome b556; SdhC binds ubiquinone; oxidizes succinate to fumarate while reducing ubiquinone to ubiquinol YP_032800.1 this protein is located at the 30S-50S ribosomal subunit interface and may play a role in the structure and function of the aminoacyl-tRNA binding site YP_032801.1 methylates guanosine-37 in various tRNAs; uses S-adenosyl-L-methionine to transfer methyl group to tRNA YP_032802.1 Essential for efficient processing of 16S rRNA YP_032804.1 site-specific tyrosine recombinase which cuts and rejoins DNA molecules; binds cooperatively to specific DNA consensus sites; forms a heterotetrameric complex with XerC; XerCD exhibit similar sequences; essential to convert chromosome dimers to monomers during cell division and functions during plasmid segregation; cell division protein FtsK may regulate the XerCD complex; enzyme from Streptococcus group has unusual active site motifs YP_032809.1 required for 70S ribosome assembly YP_032811.1 involved in de novo purine biosynthesis YP_032814.1 metalloprotease YP_032816.1 binds to lower part of 30S body where it stabilizes two domains; required for efficient assembly of 30S; in Escherichia coli this protein has nuclease activity YP_032817.1 catalyzes the interconversion of chorismate to prephenate YP_032821.1 Catalyzes the transfer of the ammonia group from glutamine to a new carbon-nitrogen group YP_032824.1 in most organisms, only the N-terminal domain is present in a single polypeptide; in some archaea this domain is fused to a kinase domain; this gene is essential for growth in Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis; the secreted glycoprotease from Pasteurella haemolytica showed specificity for O-sialoglycosylated proteins; the Pyrococcus structure shows DNA-binding properties, iron-binding, ATP-binding, and AP endonuclease activity YP_032832.1 dual function enzyme catalyzes the formation of 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate from prephenate and the formation of tyrosine from arogenate YP_032834.1 required for the assembly and function of the DNAX complex which are required for the assembly of the beta subunit onto primed DNA YP_032839.1 catalyzes the carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA; forms a tetramer composed of two alpha (AccA) and two beta (AccD) subunits; one of the two catalytic subunits that can form the acetyl CoA carboxylase enzyme together with a carrier protein YP_032841.1 catalyzes the formation of shikimate 3-phosphate from shikimate in aromatic amino acid biosynthesis YP_032842.1 catalyzes the formation of 3-dehydroquinate from 3-deoxy-arabino-heptulonate 7-phosphate; functions in aromatic amino acid biosynthesis YP_032845.1 subunit G of antiporter complex involved in resistance to high concentrations of Na+, K+, Li+ and/or alkali YP_032846.1 subunit F of antiporter complex involved in resistance to high concentrations of Na+, K+, Li+ and/or alkali; in S. meliloti it is known to be involved specifically with K+ transport YP_032847.1 subunit E of antiporter complex involved in resistance to high concentrations of Na+, K+, Li+ and/or alkali; in S. meliloti it is known to be involved specifically with K+ transport YP_032848.1 subunit D of antiporter complex involved in resistance to high concentrations of Na+, K+, Li+ and/or alkali; contains an oxidoreductase domain; catalyzes the transfer of electrons from NADH to ubiquinone YP_032849.1 subunit C of antiporter complex involved in resistance to high concentrations of Na+, K+, Li+ and/or alkali YP_032850.1 subunit A of antiporter complex involved in resistance to high concentrations of Na+, K+, Li+ and/or alkali; in S. meliloti it is known to be involved with K+ YP_032854.1 Catalyzes the oxidation of dihydrolipoamide to lipoamide YP_032855.1 component of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex; catalyzes the transfer of succinyl coenzyme A to form succinyl CoA as part of the conversion of 2-oxoglutarate to succinyl-CoA YP_032856.1 SucA; E1 component of the oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex which catalyzes the formation of succinyl-CoA from 2-oxoglutarate; SucA catalyzes the reaction of 2-oxoglutarate with dihydrolipoamide succinyltransferase-lipoate to form dihydrolipoamide succinyltransferase-succinyldihydrolipoate and carbon dioxide YP_032857.1 Catalyzes the only substrate-level phosphorylation in the TCA cycle YP_032858.1 catalyzes the interconversion of succinyl-CoA and succinate YP_032859.1 Catalyzes the reversible oxidation of malate to oxaloacetate YP_032862.1 involved in lysine biosynthesis; DAP epimerase; produces DL-diaminopimelate from LL-diaminopimelate YP_032865.1 Involved in cell division; probably involved in intracellular septation YP_032869.1 glucose-inhibited division protein B; SAM-dependent methyltransferase; methylates the N7 position of guanosine in position 527 of 16S rRNA YP_032870.1 GidA; glucose-inhibited cell division protein A; involved in the 5-carboxymethylaminomethyl modification (mnm(5)s(2)U) of the wobble uridine base in some tRNAs YP_032871.1 in Escherichia coli this protein is involved in the biosynthesis of the hypermodified nucleoside 5-methylaminomethyl-2-thiouridine, which is found in the wobble position of some tRNAs and affects ribosomal frameshifting; shows potassium-dependent dimerization and GTP hydrolysis; also involved in regulation of glutamate-dependent acid resistance and activation of gadE YP_032872.1 An RNA-DNA helicase that actively releases nascent mRNAs from paused transcription complexes